Python Tkinter Listbox: A Comprehensive Guide
Python Tkinter Listbox
The Listbox widget in Tkinter is a powerful tool for displaying a list of text items. It allows users to select one or more items depending on its configuration. Tkinter’s Listbox is highly versatile and commonly used in GUI applications for tasks like selecting options, displaying lists, and more.
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Syntax for Creating a Listbox
The syntax to create a Listbox widget is as follows:
w = Listbox(parent, options)
Listbox Options
Tkinter Listbox supports several options to customize its appearance and behavior:
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
| bg | Background color of the widget. |
| bd | Border size (default is 2 pixels). |
| cursor | Mouse pointer style (dot, arrow, etc.). |
| font | Font type for Listbox items. |
| fg | Text color of items. |
| height | Number of visible lines (default is 10). |
| highlightcolor | Highlight color when the widget is focused. |
| highlightthickness | Thickness of the highlight border. |
| relief | Border type (default is SUNKEN). |
| selectbackground | Background color for selected text. |
| selectmode | Number of selectable items: BROWSE, SINGLE, MULTIPLE, or EXTENDED. |
| width | Width of the widget in characters. |
| xscrollcommand | Enables horizontal scrolling. |
| yscrollcommand | Enables vertical scrolling. |
Listbox Methods
Tkinter Listbox provides various methods to manage and interact with the widget:
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| activate(index) | Selects the item at the specified index. |
| curselection() | Returns a tuple containing the index of the specified item or items. |
| delete(first, last=None) | Deletes item(s) within the specified range. |
| get(first, last=None) | Retrieves item(s) from the specified range. |
| index(i) | The selected item gets moved to the Listbox’s top. |
| *insert(index, elements) | Inserts new item(s) before the specified index. |
| nearest(y) | Gives back the item’s index that is closest to the y-coordinate. |
| see(index) | Scrolls the Listbox to make the specified item visible. |
| size() | gives back the Listbox’s entire amount of items. |
| xview() | Enables horizontal scrolling. |
| xview_moveto(fraction) | scrolls a portion of the width horizontally. |
| xview_scroll(number, what) | scrolls by the designated number of units in a horizontal direction. |
| yview() | Enables vertical scrolling. |
| yview_moveto(fraction) | vertically scrolls by a small portion of the height. |
| yview_scroll(number, what) | Scrolls vertically by the specified number of units. |
Example 1: Creating a Simple Listbox
from tkinter import *
top = Tk()
top.geometry("200x250")
lbl = Label(top, text="A list of favorite countries...")
listbox = Listbox(top)
listbox.insert(1, "India")
listbox.insert(2, "USA")
listbox.insert(3, "Japan")
listbox.insert(4, "Australia")
lbl.pack()
listbox.pack()
top.mainloop()
Output: A Listbox displaying country names like India, USA, Japan, and Australia.
Example 2: Deleting an Active Item from the List
from tkinter import *
top = Tk()
top.geometry("200x250")
lbl = Label(top, text="A list of favorite countries...")
listbox = Listbox(top)
listbox.insert(1, "India")
listbox.insert(2, "USA")
listbox.insert(3, "Japan")
listbox.insert(4, "Australia")
# Button to delete selected item
btn = Button(top, text="Delete", command=lambda: listbox.delete(ANCHOR))
lbl.pack()
listbox.pack()
btn.pack()
top.mainloop()
Output: Upon pressing the Delete button, the selected item will be removed from the Listbox.
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Conclusion
The Tkinter Listbox is a valuable widget for developing interactive Python GUI applications. By mastering its options and methods, developers can create dynamic list displays and improve user interaction. Whether building a simple menu or a detailed selection tool, the Listbox widget offers flexibility and functionality to meet various needs.
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