Node.js Buffers

Node.js Buffers

In Node.js, the Buffer class handles raw binary data. Buffers represent fixed-size memory allocations outside the V8 heap, essential for file system operations, TCP streams, and any low-level byte manipulation.

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Buffer is a global class ÔÇö no import required.

Creating Buffers (Modern API)

The older new Buffer() is DEPRECATED. Use these safer modern methods:

// Allocate an empty 10-byte buffer (zero-filled)
const buf1 = Buffer.alloc(10);

// From an array of bytes
const buf2 = Buffer.from([10, 20, 30, 40, 50]);

// From a string
const buf3 = Buffer.from('Simply Easy Learning', 'utf-8');

Writing to Buffers

const buf = Buffer.alloc(256);
const len = buf.write("Simply Easy Learning");
console.log("Octets written:", len);
// Output: Octets written: 20

Reading from Buffers

const buf = Buffer.alloc(26);
for (let i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
  buf[i] = i + 97;
}
console.log(buf.toString('ascii'));       // abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
console.log(buf.toString('ascii', 0, 5)); // abcde
console.log(buf.toString('utf8', 0, 5));  // abcde

Useful Buffer Methods

• Buffer.alloc(size) ÔÇö zero-filled buffer.
• Buffer.allocUnsafe(size) ÔÇö faster, but uninitialized (may contain old data).
• Buffer.from(string | array) ÔÇö buffer from data.
• buf.length ÔÇö buffer size in bytes.
• buf.toString(encoding) ÔÇö decode to string.
• Buffer.concat([buf1, buf2]) ÔÇö join buffers.

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Conclusion

Buffers are Node.js’s way of handling raw binary data efficiently. Always use Buffer.alloc and Buffer.from in modern code, never the deprecated new Buffer(). For more tutorials, stay tuned to .

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