Node.js Timer

Node.js Timer

In Node.js, timer functions are global functions, which means you don’t need to import or require any module to use them. These functions are commonly used to schedule code execution after a delay, repeatedly at intervals, or immediately after the current event loop phase.

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Let’s go through the main timer functions available in Node.js.

Set Timer Functions

• setImmediate() → Executes a callback immediately after the current event loop phase.
• setInterval() → Executes a callback repeatedly after a specified interval.
• setTimeout() → Executes a one-time callback after a specified delay in milliseconds.

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Clear Timer Functions

• clearImmediate(immediateObject) → Stops an immediateObject created by setImmediate().
• clearInterval(intervalObject) → Stops an intervalObject created by setInterval().
• clearTimeout(timeoutObject) → Cancels a timeoutObject created by setTimeout().

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Node.js setInterval() Example

This example prints a message every 1000 milliseconds until the process is terminated.

File: timer1.js

setInterval(function() {  
  console.log("setInterval: Hey! 1 second completed!..");   
}, 1000);  

Run the file in the Node.js command prompt:

node timer1.js

Example 2 – Incrementing Counter

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File: timer5.js

var i = 0;  
console.log(i);  
setInterval(function() {  
  i++;  
  console.log(i);  
}, 1000);  

Run with:

node timer5.js

Node.js setTimeout() Example

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Example 1 – Basic Timeout

File: timer1.js

setTimeout(function() {   
  console.log("setTimeout: Hey! 1000 millisecond completed!..");  
}, 1000);  

Run with:

node timer1.js

Example 2 – Recursive Timeout

File: timer2.js

var recursive = function () {  
  console.log("Hey! 1000 millisecond completed!..");   
  setTimeout(recursive, 1000);  
}  
recursive();  

Run with:

node timer2.js

This demonstrates how setTimeout() can be used recursively to mimic the behavior of setInterval().

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Using clearTimeout() and clearInterval()

Example 1 – Clearing Timeout

File: timer3.js

function welcome () {  
  console.log("Welcome to Updategadh!");  
}  

var id1 = setTimeout(welcome, 1000);  
var id2 = setInterval(welcome, 1000);  

clearTimeout(id1);  
//clearInterval(id2);  

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Run with:

node timer3.js

In this case, the timeout is cleared, so only the interval will run.

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Example 2 – Clearing Interval

File: timer3.js

function welcome () {  
  console.log("Welcome to Updategadh!");  
}  

var id1 = setTimeout(welcome, 1000);  
var id2 = setInterval(welcome, 1000);  

//clearTimeout(id1);  
clearInterval(id2);  

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Run with:

node timer3.js

Here, the interval is cleared, so only the single timeout executes.

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